{"id":2144,"date":"2026-07-13T13:06:26","date_gmt":"2026-07-13T13:06:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dicsep.org\/?page_id=2144"},"modified":"2026-07-13T13:06:26","modified_gmt":"2026-07-13T13:06:26","slug":"danielle-feller-and-sudha-berry","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/dicsep.org\/?page_id=2144","title":{"rendered":"DANIELLE FELLER and SUDHA BERRY"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DANIELLE FELLER\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 danielle.feller@unil.ch<br>University of Lousanne<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SUDHA BERRY&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sudhaberry@gmail.com<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">COCK AND BULL STORIES. THE ORIGINS OF GARU\u1e0cA AND NANDI AS <em>V\u0100HANA<\/em>S IN THE SANSKRIT EPICS The relationship between gods and their respective animal carriers or <em>v\u0101hanas<\/em> achieves full expression in the <em>Pur\u0101\u1e47as<\/em> and is incorporated in the iconography of the deity; but it is often difficult to trace the origin of these <em>v\u0101hanas<\/em> and understand their earlier history. The two Sanskrit epics, the <em>Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata<\/em> and the <em>R\u0101m\u0101ya\u1e47a<\/em>, appear as the ideal locus to search for earlier references to <em>v\u0101hanas<\/em>, for the symbiotic link between some deities and their animal carrier emerges in nascent form in these two texts. In both epics, there are references to the great bird Garu\u1e0da, who becomes Vi\u1e63\u1e47u\u2019s <em>v\u0101hana<\/em>, to Air\u0101vata, Indra\u2019s elephant carrier, to <em>v\u0157\u1e63abha<\/em>, \u015aiva\u2019s bull\u2014also sometimes referred to by his name Nandi\u2014and to Skanda\u2019s bird, being varyingly called a <em>kukku\u1e6da<\/em> (rooster) or a <em>may\u016bra<\/em> (peacock). This paper will concentrate on the epic references to the <em>v\u0101hanas<\/em> associated with two prominent deities in the epics, that subsequently rise to full preeminence in the <em>Pur\u0101\u1e47as<\/em>, namely, Vi\u1e63\u1e47u and \u015aiva, with a view to understanding and contrasting the origins of their<em> v\u0101hanas<\/em>, the bird Garu\u1e0da and the bull Nandi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>DANIELLE FELLER\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 danielle.feller@unil.chUniversity of Lousanne SUDHA BERRY&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sudhaberry@gmail.com COCK AND BULL STORIES. THE ORIGINS OF GARU\u1e0cA AND NANDI AS V\u0100HANAS IN THE SANSKRIT EPICS The relationship between gods and their respective animal carriers or v\u0101hanas achieves full expression in the Pur\u0101\u1e47as and is incorporated in the iconography of the deity; but it is often difficult [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2144","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dicsep.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2144","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dicsep.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dicsep.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dicsep.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dicsep.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2144"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/dicsep.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2144\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2145,"href":"https:\/\/dicsep.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2144\/revisions\/2145"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dicsep.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2144"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}